Driveline Angularitet fejlfinding

torsionsvibration

Kontrol Driveline U-Joint Operation Angles

Virkningen af ​​en drivline med et kardanled ved hver ende arbejder gennem en vinkel resulterer i en ejendommelig bevægelse. Den drivline vil fremskynde og bremse to gange for hver omdrejning. Hvis de arbejdende vinkler ved hver ende af akslen er ulige, vridningsvibrationerne resultater. Denne torsionsstivhed vibrationer vil have tendens til at annullere sig selv ud af, om de to fælles arbejdsgrupper vinkler er lige store.

Typer af støj

Støj eller vibrationer, som kun forekommer ved bestemte vejhastigheder og mindskes som hastigheden øges er normalt forårsaget af ulige arbejdsforhold vinkler drivlinie leddene. Støj eller vibrationer, som er vedvarende i hele hastighedsområdet og varierer i intensitet med ændring af hastighed kan være forårsaget af ubalanceret transmissioner, ubalanceret bremsetromler eller skiver, eller drivliner med kardanled ude af fase.

Foreløbige Kontrol

Foretag kontrol af følgende, før du tager vinkel aflæsninger:

1. Check companion flange or yoke nut for looseness and torque to proper specification if necessary.
   
2. Driveline slip joints that do not have the arrows or other markings pointing to each other will result in the driveline universal joints being out of phase. Med andre ord, the transmission universal joint may be turned one spline or more to the right or left of being aligned with the universal joint at the opposite end of the driveline.
   • Some computer designed drivelines are purposely built with U-joints out of phase. Check manufacturer’s specifications for proper setting. Også, check closely to make certain no twist has occurred to the tubing, causing these two joints to be out of phase Make sure the slip joint works freely and is not bound or seized. Slip joints must absorb axle housing movements.
3. Unbalanced drivelines can cause vibration that occurs throughout the speed range of vehicle and varies in intensity with a change of speed. The driveline may be at fault in respect to balance and concentricity. A quick field check to determine driveline balance can be made by securing a small piece of metal or similar weight with a hose clamp to the front of the tube where the splined shaft is welded. Road test the vehicle and continue to move the weight around the tube until the balance point is found and vibration disappears or is minimized.
   
   Drivliner er dynamisk afbalanceret til deres tilsigtede rotationshastighed og ikke til uendelige hastigheder. Dermed, vibration can be expected when this rotational velocity is exceeded. Check concentricity of driveline by mounting on lathe centers and dial indicating. Tjek producentens originale specifikationer for kast godtgørelse.
4. Motor understøtter, der er slidt, knækket eller løs, and mounting pads that are worn or deteriorated must be corrected to restore the engine suspension to its original vibration tolerance.

tager Readings

Hvis der opstår vibrationer under drift tom, take readings in empty condition. Hvis det sker, når indlæst, take readings when loaded. When it is necessary to measure driveline lengths, measure from joint center to joint center

Producentens specifikationer skal følges, når de foretager indledende vinkelegenskaber kontrol. Some manufacturers have found it necessary to vary from the ideal due to geometrical limitations. If vibration persists after adhering to manufacturer’s specifications, contact the manufacturer’s representative.

Vinkelegenskaberne Kontrol - parallelle flanger eller åg

1. Single Axle Køretøjer
   • Strålningsvinkel – Take reading of transmission angle. This angle is the angle to which the rear axle joint angle must match. The transmission angle will have a declination reading of from 0 til 5 grader i de fleste tilfælde.
     
   • aksel vinkel. Take reading either from machined surface of axle housing or pinion bearing retainer. This angle must be within one degree of the transmission angle.
     • Eksempel: If transmission angle reading is 3 degrees down to the rear, the rear axle angle should be 3 grader op.
2. Tandem Aksler eller Køretøjer med hjælpeenheder
   • Tag transmission vinkel læsning.
   • Take reading from joint of front tandem axle or auxiliary joint. This reading should be within one degree of transmission angle.
     • Bemærk: The rear joint of front tandem axle will be the same as the front joint.
   • Tag læsning af fælles vinkel på tandem bagaksel, or axle to rear of auxiliary. This angle must be within one degree of transmission angle.

Fælles arbejdsvinkel Grænser (Parallel)

Kardanled har en maksimal arbejdsvinkel, afhængig af type og fremstilling. Det anbefales, at fælles arbejdsgruppe vinkel for parallel ledaggregat ikke overstige 8 grader for hoveddrivlinier over 40″ lang. For hoveddrivlinier under 40″ den maksimale vinkel bør ikke overstige Længde (L) divideret med 5. (Denne grænse gælder ikke for interaxle drivliner.)

Eksempel: For en 35″ drivlinie, the maximum joint working angle would be 35 plus 5 eller 7degrees. This working angle must not be exceeded.

Place protractor on driveline to obtain angle of driveline from transmission to axle. The difference between the driveline angle and the joint angle is the joint working angle. For instance, hvis transmissionen er 3 grader ned, and the driveline angle is down 7 grader, the transmission joint working angle is 7 minus 3 eller 4 grader.
På tandem-drev eller hjælpeinstallationer, take readings in the same manner, comparing the universal joint angles to the driveline angle to which it is attached.

Angularity Checks – Non-Parallel Compensating Angles or Flanges or Yokes

Med tandem drivaksler, the rearward axle is tilted upward until its pinion shaft centerline and forward axle pinion shaft centerline intersect midway between joint centers.

Når regne ikke-parallelle fælles installationer, it is necessary to take the driveline angle readings as well as transmission and axle angle readings.

1. Single Axle Køretøjer
   • Tag vinkel læsning af transmission
   • Tag vinkel på drivline
   • Tag vinkel læsning af aksel fælles
   • For at beregne for korrekt vinkler:
     • The difference between the driveline angle and the transmission angle will be the transmission joint working angle.
     • The difference between the driveline angle and the axle angle will be the axle joint working angle.
     • The two working angles of transmission and axle must be equal.
     • Eksempel:
       Transmission er 3 grader ned
       Driveline er 7.5 grader ned
       Bagaksel er 12 grader ned
       Dermed 7.5 minus 3 lige med 4.5 grader
       12 minus 7.5 lige med 4.5 grader, giving 4.5 equal working angles
2. Tandem Aksler eller Køretøjer med hjælpeenheder – When taking readings on tandem drive axles or between auxiliary and rear axle, the same principles apply as with single axle vehicles. Take readings between transmission and front tandem axle, or auxiliary. Take readings between axles or between auxiliary and axle. Med andre ord, take angle readings for each set of universal joints

Fælles arbejdsvinkel Grænser (Ikke-Parallel)

Det anbefales, at den maksimale fælles arbejdsgruppe vinkel for ikke-parallelle forbindelsessamlinger ikke overstige hoveddrivlinien længde divideret med 10. For eksempel, hvis hoveddrivlinien længde er 55, den maksimale fælles arbejdsgruppe vinkel er 55 divideret med 10 eller 5.5 grader. (Denne grænse gælder ikke for interaxle drivliner.)

Aksel justeringer

Axle vinkler kan generelt justeres af en af ​​følgende måder, afhængigt af typen af ​​akslen.

1. Justere drejningsmoment stænger, hvis justerbar typen.
2. Add to or reduce length of non-adjustable torque rods.
3. Add or reduce the number of shims behind torque rod brackets.
4. Use correct amount of wedge shims under spring to axle pad.

Karantæner - Pinion Aksel Angle

Der vil være ringe eller ingen ændring af aksel pinion vinkel med typer suspensioner, som har et parallelogram bevægelse. Disse tillader differential huse til at bevæge sig op og ned i en lige lodret under drift.
Suspensioner ikke har et parallelogram bevægelse vil tillade aksel pinion aksel til at svinge i en bue, derved konstant skiftende spidshjulsakslen vinkel under drift. En varierende mængde vibrationer kan forekomme som følge af arbejder vinkler af kardanled bliver momentant ulige.
Enkelte drivaksel køretøjer har ringe eller ingen ændring af aksel pinion vinkel under drift.

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